Selected outstanding animal studies representing milestones in the progress of transplantation
| Study | Animal model | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Immune-mediated allograft injury | ||
| Miyawaki et al. (1994) [50] | Aly/aly mouse model | Recognition of the role of secondary lymphoid organs in acute cellular rejection |
| Lechler and Batchelor (1982) [56] | ASXAUG to AS rat model | Dendritic cells play a crucial role in presenting alloantigens |
| Nozaki et al. (2007) [70] | CCR5(–/–) mouse model | Antibodies generated in CCR5(–/–) mouse models directly trigger graft rejection |
| White et al. (1969) [86] | Fischer-Lewis rat model | Chronic allograft nephropathy was effectively demonstrated, enabling further investigation into therapeutic strategies |
| Immunosuppression and tolerance induction | ||
| Owen (1945) [157] | Dizygotic twin freemartin cattle model | Discovery of lifelong hematopoietic chimerism |
| Calne (1960) [121] | Canine model | Prevention of renal allograft rejection by 6-mercaptopurine |
| Borel et al. (1976) [2] | Mouse and rat models | The immunosuppressive properties of cyclosporine A were examined |
| Kung et al. (1979) [134] | Mouse model | Monoclonal murine antibodies generated against human T cell receptors were screened |
| Shahinian et al. (1993) [178] | CD28(–/–) mouse model | Impaired T cell activation was observed in mice deficient in B7/CD28 costimulation |
| Xenotransplantation | ||
| Lai et al. (2002) [215] | GTKO porcine model | GTKO were produced to evade hyperacute rejection in pig-to-human xenotransplants |
GTKO, α-(1,3)-galactosyltransferase knockout pigs.